National Constitution Day: Cultivating the Public to Advocate the Constitution

National Constitution Day is a statutory holiday with the theme of commemorating the formal entry into force of a country's current constitution. The purpose of establishing the National Constitution Day is to commemorate the birth of the current constitution, carry forward the constitutional tradition, establish the authority of the constitution, and cultivate the public's awareness of advocating, obeying and abiding by the constitution. In most countries, National Constitution Day is established several years after the formal promulgation and implementation of the Constitution. my country's current constitution was reviewed and approved by the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress on December 4, 1982, and is the current effective constitution. On October 23, 2014, the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning the Comprehensive Promotion of the Rule of Law" approved by the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly stipulated for the first time: "December 4 of each year will be designated as National Constitution Day." The Decision on Establishing National Constitution Day (hereinafter referred to as the "Decision"), adopted at the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress on November 1, 2014, stipulates: "December 4 will be established as National Constitution Day. The State conducts constitutional publicity and education activities in various forms." On December 4, 2014, my country ushered in the first National Constitution Day. The National People's Congress, the State Council, local people's congresses and governments, as well as some social organizations, enterprises and organizations have all launched active and effective constitutional theme day activities to promote the Constitution and promote the Constitution. Good social effects have been achieved.

In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and the third, fourth and Fifth Plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, and to promote the in-depth publicity and education of the rule of law among the whole people, in accordance with the relevant requirements of the CPC Central Committee, the National people's Congress and the State Council, the propaganda Department of the Central Committee and the Ministry of Justice have put forward the Seventh five-year Plan for carrying out publicity and Education on the Rule of Law among Citizens (2016-2020). On April 28, 2016, the 20th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress passed the "Resolution on Carrying out the Seventh Five-Year Rule of Law Publicity and Education", which brought the "Seventh Five-Year" law popularization work into the rule of law. Track, since then opened the prelude to the "Seventh Five-Year" law popularization work.

2016 is the first year for the implementation of the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and the first year for the implementation of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan". 2020 is the final year of the Seventh Five-Year Plan and the symbol of building a well-off society in an all-round way. In the year, grasp this best historical opportunity period and fully implement the various measures of "law-abiding by all people and building a society ruled by law" proposed by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, it can create a good legal environment and lay a solid institutional foundation for steadily and effectively advancing the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, realizing the grand goals of the Chinese dream and the "two centenary. If we want to further improve the legal quality of the whole people and the level of governance according to law in the whole society, create a rule of law atmosphere conducive to comprehensively promoting the rule of law, and form a law-abiding pattern of respecting the law, learning the law, knowing the law and abiding by the law, it is necessary to continue to carry out publicity and education on the rule of law among all citizens, especially to strengthen the education of the constitution.

The Seventh five-year Plan on publicity and Education of the Rule of Law among Citizens (2016-2020) clearly stipulates that one of the most important tasks during the implementation of the Seventh five-year Plan is to persist in putting the study and publicity of the Constitution in the first place, carry out constitutional education in the whole society, carry forward the spirit of the Constitution, and establish the authority of the Constitution. In-depth publicity of the concepts of governing the country according to the constitution and governing according to the constitution, publicity of the party's leadership is the most fundamental guarantee for the implementation of the constitution, publicity of the fundamental system and fundamental tasks of the country established by the constitution, and the basic rights and obligations of citizens. Basic content, publicize the implementation of the constitution, implement the constitutional oath system, and carefully organize the "12.4" National Constitution Day centralized publicity activities, promote the constitution to be well-known and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, raise the constitutional awareness of all citizens, especially leading cadres at all levels and staff of state agencies, educate and guide all organizations and individuals to use the constitution as the fundamental criterion for their activities, strengthen the concept of the constitution, and resolutely safeguard the dignity of the constitution. These measures can ensure the effective implementation of the various lines, principles and policies of the Party Central Committee, and ensure that the authority of the Constitution and laws is generally respected by the government and the whole society, thereby ensuring the smooth implementation of the Party Central Committee's government orders and the smooth implementation of the Constitution, for the orderly advancement of politics System reform provides the necessary political identity and mass foundation.

It can be seen that the use of the "12.4" National Constitution Day to focus on constitutional publicity activities is an important task during the implementation of the "Seventh Five-Year" law popularization plan, and it is also the "Seventh Five-Year" law popularization plan compared with the first six in the past 30 years. The "bright spot" and characteristics of the annual law popularization plan. On the one hand, it is an important safeguard measure for the implementation of the constitution. Through the various constitutional publicity activities carried out on the "12 · 4" national constitution day, we should publicize the knowledge of the constitution, carry forward the spirit of the constitution, cultivate the public's awareness of the right to use the constitution to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, Remind leading cadres at all levels to make good use of their power, put "power in the cage of the system"; on the other hand, the use of the "December 4" National Constitution Day to focus on the promotion of the Constitution itself is also an important part of the implementation of the Constitution. The "Decision" stipulates: "December 4 will be established as the country. Constitution day. The state conducts constitutional publicity and education activities through various forms." The above-mentioned provisions themselves are the product of the implementation of the constitution, and at the same time, they also clarify the constitutional obligations and responsibilities of the state in carrying out constitutional publicity and education activities. It is an important measure to implement the constitution to do a good job in the "12 · 4" national constitution day. It helps to enhance the legal authority of the constitution as the fundamental law of the country as a whole.

As the fundamental law of the country, the constitution should be able to play its role in the actual life of national governance and social governance. The key lies in whether the provisions, principles and spirit of the constitution can be well implemented in practice. Therefore, the implementation of the Constitution is the living soul of the Constitution as the fundamental law. Comprehensively and effectively promoting the implementation of the Constitution is also a requirement for conscientiously implementing the basic strategy of governing the country according to law. Since the Constitution is the fundamental law and the basis for all other laws and regulations, and all other laws and regulations must not conflict with the Constitution, therefore, the implementation of the Constitution is the basis for the implementation of the law, and the rule of law is closely linked to the rule of law. The rule of law cannot be separated from the rule of the constitution. It must be based on the rule of the constitution and on the basis of strengthening the implementation of the constitution. The report of the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the basic strategy of "ruling the country according to law" for the first time, and the report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward "ruling by law" for the first time ". At the Fifth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress in 2002, the work report of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress put forward the concept of "governing the country according to the constitution" for the first time, and for the first time linked "governing the country according to the constitution" with "governing the country according to the law".

Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee has attached great importance to the implementation of the Constitution, raised the significance of the implementation of the Constitution to an unprecedented height, and made clear and specific arrangements on how to strengthen the implementation of the Constitution. it provides a good policy basis and institutional environment for the Constitution to play its role as a fundamental law. On December 4, 2012, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in a speech at the meeting of people from all walks of life in the capital to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the formal implementation of the current Constitution (hereinafter referred to as the "12.4" speech): "to govern the country according to law, first of all, to govern according to the constitution." the key is to govern according to the constitution." In his speech commemorating the 60th anniversary of the founding of the National people's Congress on September 5, 2014, General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward that "to adhere to the rule of law, we must first adhere to the rule of the constitution, and to adhere to the rule of law, we must first adhere to the rule of the constitution". On October 23, 2014, the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China deliberated and approved the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning the Comprehensive Promotion of the Rule of Law" in the form of a party document for the first time clarified the rule of law and the rule of law. The dialectical relationship between constitutional governance stipulates that "to adhere to the rule of law must first adhere to the rule of the constitution, and the rule of law".

Regarding how to achieve "constitutional governance", General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly grasped the main line of "constitutional implementation" in his "12 · 4" speech. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The full implementation of the Constitution is the primary task and basic work of building a socialist country under the rule of law." "The life of the Constitution lies in its implementation, and the authority of the Constitution also lies in its implementation. We should unremittingly grasp the implementation of the Constitution and raise the comprehensive implementation of the Constitution to a new level." Regarding how to promote the implementation of the Constitution, General Secretary Xi Jinping further emphasized in his "12.4" speech: "It is necessary to strengthen constitutional publicity and education in the whole society, and improve the constitutional awareness and legal system of all people, especially leading cadres at all levels and staff of state agencies. Concept, promote the spirit of the socialist rule of law, strive to cultivate a socialist rule of law culture, make the constitution a household name, and form a good atmosphere in the whole society for studying and respecting the law."

The sixth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee highlighted the importance of "party organizations and leading cadres at all levels must act within the scope of the Constitution and laws" from the height of comprehensively and strictly administering the party. In order to ensure that the ruling party can govern the country in accordance with the national Constitution and laws, but also to ensure that the principle of "the party's activities within the scope of the Constitution and laws" can be truly realized in the system, it is necessary to promote the implementation of the Constitution through various effective forms and strive to enhance the effect of the implementation of the Constitution. In 2016, the theme of the national constitution day centralized publicity activities is "vigorously carry forward the spirit of the rule of law, coordinate and promote the" four comprehensive "strategic layout", and do a good job in the "12 · 4" national constitution day centralized publicity activities, which will help to effectively promote the comprehensive and strict governance of the party through the improvement and improvement of the constitutional system, To truly ensure that the ruling party can govern according to law and constitution, respect and maintain the authority of the Constitution; it is conducive to in-depth study and publicity of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution as the core, vigorously promote the spirit of the socialist rule of law, enhance the enthusiasm and initiative of the whole society to enforce the rule of law, and coordinate the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout.