04
2026-01
Perspective | An Analysis of the Path to Adding Shareholders as Enforced Parties
When a shareholder is added as an enforced party in an enforcement procedure, since the shareholder’s liability is determined without prior trial, the principle of legality of grounds must be strictly adhered to. This article analyzes and discusses the common approaches for adding corporate shareholders as enforced parties.
2026-01-04
04
2026-01
In recent years, as China’s “dual-carbon” strategy has been deepened, the wind power industry—playing a crucial role as a key component of clean energy—has entered a period of rapid development. Against the backdrop of continuous advancements in wind power technology, the structure of wind turbine towers is undergoing a significant shift from traditional steel towers to concrete towers (hereinafter referred to as “hybrid towers”). Thanks to their advantages—including greater structural height, superior stability, and longer service life—concrete towers are particularly well-suited for low-wind-speed regions and applications involving high tower structures, making them a critical component of the next-generation wind power technology. However, the rapid growth of the hybrid-tower industry has also given rise to numerous legal challenges and compliance risks. On the one hand, the supply of hybrid towers involves multiple complex stages—from design and production to transportation, installation, and maintenance—resulting in long supply chains, high technological barriers, and substantial capital investments; individual project contracts often amount to hundreds of millions of yuan. On the other hand, the legal framework, technical standards, and regulatory policies in this field remain incomplete, exposing enterprises to significant legal risks during their operations. According to incomplete statistics, over the past three years, the number of disputes in the wind power hybrid-tower sector has grown by an average of 50% annually, with the average value of each dispute exceeding 50 million yuan. Moreover, the types of disputes have become increasingly diverse and complex. Consequently, compliance has become critically important throughout the supply chain of wind power hybrid towers.
2026-01-04
31
2025-12
Commercial confusion is a typical form of unfair competition. It not only severely damages the business reputation and economic interests of operators but also infringes upon the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, thereby disrupting the functioning of the market and hindering the establishment of a healthy competitive market order. Article 7, Paragraph 1 of China’s Anti-Unfair Competition Law lists typical acts of confusion involving commercial identifiers. All commercial identifiers protected under the Anti-Unfair Competition Law share a common characteristic: they must have a certain degree of influence. The requirement that protected commercial identifiers possess “a certain degree of influence” stems from the fact that only such identifiers can generate distinctiveness—and it is precisely the distinctive function of commercial identifiers that the Anti-Unfair Competition Law seeks to protect. However, the Anti-Unfair Competition Law provides little detailed explanation regarding what constitutes “a certain degree of influence.” Consequently, accurately defining “a certain degree of influence” has become an urgent issue to address, in order to resolve the practical enforcement and judicial challenges arising from the abstract nature and lack of clear interpretation of the law’s provisions and to ensure the proper application of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law.
2025-12-31
31
2025-12
Perspective | Risk Prevention for MDT (Multidisciplinary Team) Fee Collection
The term “multidisciplinary consultation” is translated from “Multidisciplinary Team (MDT).” Different domestic documents use slightly varying terms to refer to MDT. For example, the “National Technical Specifications for Medical Service Items (2023)” translates it as “multidisciplinary outpatient consultation,” while “China’s Hospital Quality and Safety Management—Parts 3–6: Medical Assurance—Multidisciplinary Joint Diagnosis and Treatment (MDT)” uses the term “multidisciplinary joint diagnosis and treatment.” The “Guidelines for Organization and Implementation of MDT (First Edition)” translates it as “multidisciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment,” and the “Price List for Medical Service Items of Public Medical Institutions in Shandong Province (2023 Edition)” refers to it as “multidisciplinary consultation.” Although these different documents employ varying translations, their definitions of the concept remain largely consistent: for patients with difficult or complex diseases, two or more experts from relevant disciplines jointly examine the patient, take a detailed medical history, review laboratory and imaging data, discuss and analyze the patient’s condition, conduct a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s illness, and determine the optimal integrated treatment plan.
2025-12-31
31
2025-12
The essence of disputes over the encroachment of mineral resources by construction projects lies in achieving a legal balance between the property rights of mining right holders and the public interest in infrastructure development. Judicial practice exhibits significant disagreements on key issues such as the criteria for determination and the scope of compensation, leading to a pronounced phenomenon of inconsistent judgments in similar cases.
2025-12-31
31
2025-12
Company A and Company B entered into a Special Subcontract for Construction Engineering, under which the scope of the subcontracted works includes all tasks, responsibilities, and obligations stipulated in the bidding documents for installation works, the bill of quantities for installation works, and the construction contract. The payment terms for the project are as follows: 60% of the completed work volume (excluding provisional sums) shall be paid upon completion of the foundation work up to the elevation of ±0.00; 75% of the completed work volume (excluding provisional sums) shall be paid after the project is fully completed; 85% of the completed work volume (excluding provisional sums) shall be paid upon successful acceptance of the project; and within one year after the completion of the project audit and final settlement, 95% of the audited value shall be paid, with the remaining balance serving as the warranty deposit. Subsequently, the two parties signed a supplementary agreement, under which they agreed that Company A would make the final settlement to Company B at 77% of the audited value approved by the auditing entity for this project, while the remaining 23% of the audited value would be retained as management fees for the project.
2025-12-31
30
2025-12
With the official implementation of the newly revised “Anti-Unfair Competition Law of the People’s Republic of China,” the legal regulatory framework for the live-streaming e-commerce industry has undergone a structural overhaul. The new law explicitly includes “unauthorized use of another party’s commercial identifiers as search keywords” within the scope of confusion-based unfair competition practices. Coupled with the increasingly common judicial practice in recent years of awarding “punitive damages” and imposing “joint and several liability,” the entire chain of responsibility involving merchants, MCN agencies, and live-streaming platforms is now facing a systematic review. This article, drawing on the latest legislative developments and actual court cases, takes a problem-oriented approach to thoroughly analyze the boundaries of legal responsibilities for all relevant parties and offers specific guidance on compliance practices.
2025-12-30
30
2025-12
In judicial practice, provisions regarding the division of property and debts in divorce agreements take two forms: divorce that has been registered and divorce that has not been registered. Parties who disagree with either form of divorce agreement may file a lawsuit with the People's Court. However, the courts apply different standards when determining the validity of these two types of agreements. Generally, for divorces that have been registered, the court will consider the agreement legally binding and enforceable on both parties; whereas for divorces that have not been registered, the court typically holds that such agreements are not yet effective.
2025-12-30
29
2025-12
Regarding construction projects involving illegal subcontracting or assignment, the law and judicial interpretations have clearly stipulated who bears the responsibility for work-related injury insurance when construction workers hired by “foremen” are injured during construction, as well as how to determine the time when the dispute arises and how to observe the statute of limitations for protecting one’s rights during the rights-assertion process.
2025-12-29
29
2025-12
In July 2008, the local government signed a “Gas Concession Agreement” with Company A regarding the investment, construction, and operation of local gas facilities. The agreement stipulated that Company A would enjoy a gas concession right within the jurisdiction of the county, and if any dispute arose between the parties concerning the performance of the agreement, either party could submit the dispute to a certain arbitration institution for arbitration. In July 2022, the same government signed another “Gas Concession Agreement” with Company B. Company A argued that the government’s action constituted repeated authorization, infringed upon its legitimate rights and interests, and amounted to a breach of contract; therefore, Company A filed an arbitration application with the arbitration institution.
2025-12-29
Zhongcheng Qingtai Jinan Region
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